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• Journal article
  Putzey O, Bar-Ilan A, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello AC, Urban DLet al., 2007,
  , PROCEEDINGS OF THE COMBUSTION INSTITUTE, Vol: 31, Pages: 2669-2676, ISSN: 1540-7489
  • Cite
  • Citations: 32
• Conference paper
  Putzeys OM, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello AC, Urban DLet al., 2006,

  Piloted ignition to flaming in smoldering polyurethane foam

  , Pages: 13747-13755

  Experimental results are presented on the piloted transition from smoldering to flaming in flexible polyurethane foam. The experiments are conducted with small parallelepiped samples vertically placed in a wind tunnel. Three of the sample lateral-sides are insulated and the fourth side is exposed to an upward oxidizer flow and to a variable radiant flux. Thermocouples placed along the sample centerline allow monitoring of the smolder temperatures and calculation of the smolder velocity. The results show that the piloted transition from smoldering to flaming is possible under a wider range of external conditions than the spontaneous transition from smoldering to flaming. It is found that the smolder velocity and peak smolder temperature, which are strongly affected by the oxygen mole fraction and radiant heat flux, are strongly correlated to the ignition to flaming event, in that there are minimum values of these parameters for ignition to take place. The minimum smolder velocity and temperature for ignition are found to be approximately 0.185 mm/s, and 363°C, respectively. The existence of a minimum smolder velocity for ignition supports the concept of a gaseous mixture reaching a lean flammability limit as the criteria for ignition to flaming, because the pyrolysate mass production rate is proportional to the smolder velocity. The critical mass production rate of smolder gaseous products is calculated from the minimum smolder velocity to be approximately 7.35 mg/s. A one-step Arrheniustype reaction proposed for the solid-to-gas conversion in smoldering helps explain the relationship between the peak smolder temperature and the pyrolysate mass production, and the observed effects of smolder temperature on the piloted ignition.

  • Abstract
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  • Citations: 2
• Journal article
  Rein G, Bar-Ilan A, Fernandez-Pello AC, Alvares Net al., 2006,
  , JOURNAL OF FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING, Vol: 16, Pages: 183-209, ISSN: 1042-3915
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  • Citations: 20
• Journal article
  Rein G, Lautenberger C, Fernandez-Pello AC, Torero JL, Urban DLet al., 2006,
  , COMBUSTION AND FLAME, Vol: 146, Pages: 95-108, ISSN: 0010-2180
  • Cite
  • Citations: 189
• Journal article
  Lautenberger C, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello C, 2006,
  , FIRE SAFETY JOURNAL, Vol: 41, Pages: 204-214, ISSN: 0379-7112
  • Cite
  • Citations: 130
• Journal article
  Rein G, Bar-Ilan A, Fernandez-Pello AC, Ellzey JL, Torero JL, Urban DLet al., 2005,
  , Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol: 30, Pages: 2327-2334, ISSN: 1540-7489
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• Journal article
  Bar-Ilan A, Putzeys OM, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello AC, Urban DLet al., 2005,
  , Proceedings of the Combustion Institute, Vol: 30, Pages: 2295-2302, ISSN: 1540-7489
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• Journal article
  Bar-Ilan A, Rein G, Walther DC, Fernandez-Pello AC, Torero JL, Urban DLet al., 2004,
  , COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, Vol: 176, Pages: 2027-2055, ISSN: 0010-2202
  • Cite
  • Citations: 40
• Journal article
  Bar-Ilan A, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello AC, Torero JL, Urban DLet al., 2004,
  , Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol: 28, Pages: 743-751, ISSN: 0894-1777
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• Conference paper
  Bar-Ilan A, Rein G, Fernandez-Pello AC, Torero JL, Urban DLet al., 2003,

  Microgravity forward smolder experiments in the space shuttle

  The Microgravity Smoldering Combustion (MSC) experiment is a study of the smolder characteristics of porous combustible materials in a microgravity environment. The objective of the study is to provide a better understanding of the controlling mechanisms of smolder for the purpose of control and prevention, both in normaland microgravity. Recently, two forward forced flow tests using air as oxidizer were conducted aboard the NASA Space Shuttle (STS-105 and STS-108 missions). A complimentary series of ground-based tests were conducted to determine the effect of gravity on the forward smolder propagation. A comparison of the tests conducted in normal- and microgravity indicates that smolder propagation velocities are higher in microgravity than in normal gravity, and that there is a greater tendency for a transition to flame in microgravity than in normal gravity. A one-dimensional numerical model of the microgravity forward smolder propagation is used to predict smolder propagation velocity. This finding has important implications from the point of view of fire safety in a space-based environment, since smolder can often occur in the forward mode and potentially lead to a smolder-initiated fire. © 2003 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.

  • Abstract
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• Journal article
  Rein G, Torero JL, Ellzey JL, 2002,

  Simulación de Combustión Latente en Flujo Directo

  , Revista Internacional de Métodos Numéricos para Cálculo y Diseño en Ingeniería, Vol: 18, Pages: 459-474

  G Rein, JL Torero, JL Ellzey,

  • Abstract
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• Journal article
  Leach SV, Rein G, Ellzey JL, Ezekoye OA, Torero JLet al., 2000,
  , Combustion and Flame, Vol: 120, Pages: 346-358, ISSN: 0010-2180
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